The Development and Validation of the Short Form of the Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale

We used a data set with n = 1,603 learners of foreign languages (FL) to develop and validate the short form Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale (S-FLES). The was split into 2 groups, we first sample short-form measure. A 3-factor hierarchical model language enjoyment (FLE) uncovered, FLE as higher-order factor teacher appreciation, personal enjoyment, social 3 lower-order factors. selected items for each factors S-FLES. proposed 9-item S-FLES validated in second sample, fit statistics structure indicated close fit. Further evidence found support internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity provides valid reliable measure FLE, which can easily be included any battery assessments examining individual differences FL learning.